When should a lifeguard decide to act and make a rescue based on surveillance?

A lifeguard should decide to act and make a rescue as soon as distress is recognized because immediate action is crucial in preventing drowning or other serious injuries. Lifeguards are trained to observe swimmers closely and assess their behaviors and conditions continuously. If they notice any signs of distress, such as a swimmer struggling, flailing their arms, or not being able to keep their head above water, it indicates that the individual may require help, even before a signal for assistance is given.

Acting quickly can make a significant difference in the outcome, as many emergency situations can escalate rapidly if not addressed promptly. In many cases, a swimmer may not have the ability or presence of mind to signal for help, so relying solely on a swimmer's gesture can delay necessary intervention. Therefore, a lifeguard's proactive response to recognized distress is vital for ensuring the safety of everyone in the water.