What is the primary objective in managing an unresponsive drowning victim?

The primary objective in managing an unresponsive drowning victim is to obtain an unobstructed airway and begin rescue breaths. This approach is critical because drowning often leads to a lack of oxygen in the victim's system. Once a person is unresponsive, establishing a clear airway is vital to ensure that any rescue breaths administered can effectively deliver oxygen to the lungs.

By focusing on airway management first, the rescuer addresses one of the most immediate needs of the victim — which is restoring oxygen flow. The absence of oxygen can lead to irreversible brain damage within minutes, making it crucial to secure the airway and provide ventilations quickly. Rescue breaths are intended to provide oxygen directly to the victim's lungs, which is essential for survival in such emergencies.

The other options, while they may be part of a comprehensive approach to resuscitation, do not prioritize the immediate need for oxygenation in an unresponsive drowning victim. For instance, contacting emergency services is important but should occur alongside or immediately following efforts to secure the airway and begin breaths. Starting chest compressions without addressing the airway first may not be as effective since the victim may need ventilation to ensure oxygen reaches the heart and brain. Similarly, performing rescue breathing without addressing airway management can be ineffective if the airway is